Nechirvan Barzani, the President of Iraq’s autonomous Kurdish region, recently visited Damascus for discussions with Syrian President Ahmed al-Sharaa. This landmark meeting marks the first visit by a Kurdish leader from Iraq since the fall of Bashar al-Assad’s regime in December 2024. During this crucial dialogue, the leaders addressed issues concerning the integration of the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) and the rights of the Kurdish population in a post-Assad Syria.
Strengthening Bilateral Relations
Barzani’s high-level delegation was welcomed at the People’s Palace, where they engaged in talks that revolved around enhancing bilateral relations, economic cooperation, and regional stability. According to Syria’s state news agency, SANA, both leaders recognized the importance of collaboration in various sectors, particularly the economy. Barzani emphasized the need for Syria, Iraq, and the Kurdistan Region to work together to explore economic opportunities that would benefit their peoples.
“By virtue of being neighbors, Syria, Iraq, and the Kurdistan Region share many common interests, and there are great opportunities to expand economic cooperation to achieve mutual benefit for all our peoples,” Barzani stated on social media. His comments reflect a growing interest in uniting efforts for regional stability and development.
Integration of the Syrian Democratic Forces
A significant focus of the meeting was the ongoing process of integrating the SDF, a Kurdish-led militia, into Syrian state institutions. Following military shifts, the SDF’s control has decreased significantly; from previously controlling one-third of Syria, they now hold key areas in northeastern Syria, specifically in Al-Hasakah Governorate. The SDF, in collaboration with the Syrian government, signed an agreement earlier this year aimed at integrating SDF fighters into the Syrian military and the Ministry of Interior.
As reported, the incorporation of SDF members into Syria’s military framework is expected to be a crucial step for both national security and Kurdish representation within the state’s governance. This dialogue comes at a time when Turkey is engaging with Kurdish forces, which complicates the geopolitical landscape.
The Role of Erbil in Negotiations
Kurdish leaders in Iraq have played a vital role in facilitating negotiations between Damascus and the SDF. Reports suggest that Kurdish rights and demands will likely be at the forefront of ongoing discussions. As al-Sharaa and Barzani continue their dialogue, issues such as the detention of ISIS fighters in various camps in northeastern Syria are also pressing concerns. Nearly 9,000 alleged ISIS fighters and their families are currently residing in these facilities, presenting a significant international security challenge.
Barzani has expressed optimism regarding the recent integration agreements, viewing them as steps toward rebuilding a unified Syria that respects the rights of all ethnic groups, including Kurds. There is a strong call for constitutional provisions that ensure language rights and regional autonomy, demonstrating the desire for a peaceful coexistence within a multi-ethnic context.
Looking Ahead: Regional Security and Cooperation
In addition to their discussions about integration and Kurdish rights, Barzani and al-Sharaa addressed vital border security issues. Preventing the smuggling of drugs and weapons, particularly those associated with Iranian-backed militias near the Iraqi-Syrian border, emerged as critical points of concern. Addressing these challenges collaboratively is seen as essential for ensuring long-lasting peace and security in both Iraq and Syria.
This meeting represents a significant moment in the evolving dynamics between the Kurdish region and the Syrian government. Both leaders have previously met to discuss diplomacy and security, and ongoing dialogues indicate a genuine commitment to advancing cooperative strategies aimed at achieving stability in the region. As political realities shift, the hope is that these discussions pave the way for a new era of mutual respect and collaboration.