The resurgence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the turkey farming sector was observed in August, marking the first outbreaks since May. This development mirrors the onset of autumn outbreaks reported in the previous year, as recorded by the USDA’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS). While these outbreaks raise concern, the overall incidence of avian influenza across the nation was relatively low last month.
Overview of Recent Outbreaks
In August, the three commercial turkey farms and four backyard flocks confirmed to be infected with the H5N1 virus were limited to just two states. South Dakota bore the brunt of these outbreaks, with substantial losses reported. Flocks in Beadle County and Hamlin County saw declines of 74,900 and 44,400 birds, respectively. Moreover, an additional commercial farm in Edmunds County lost 29,700 birds, and a backyard flock in Brule County was also confirmed infected.
Idaho was affected as well, with two backyard flocks in Ada County and another flock in Canyon County testing positive. The first turkey farm outbreak was confirmed on August 12, followed by another on August 27. Notably, the last commercial turkey farm to report an outbreak prior to this was on May 15 in Becker County, Minnesota.
A Historical Comparison
Looking back to 2025, there were no recorded outbreaks among commercial turkey farms from May 13 until late August, when a flock in South Dakota tested positive. This triggered a wave of infections, affecting nine additional farms in the Dakotas within three weeks. By the end of September of the same year, over 800,000 birds had been lost across 19 flocks in four states, culminating in a nationwide total exceeding 2.1 million turkeys lost within a mere 90 days.
Current Trends in Dairy Avian Flu
While turkey farms are grappling with HPAI, the situation for dairy herds has improved significantly. A surge in dairy avian flu cases observed since May has notably diminished. In August, only two herds in Texas were confirmed to harbor the H5N1 virus, in stark contrast to the 14 infected herds reported in July across Utah and Idaho.
Canada’s HPAI Status
In Canada, the landscape appears more stable; no HPAI outbreaks in either commercial poultry or backyard flocks have been reported since May 16, according to the Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA). This notable absence of new cases could suggest effective containment measures or a lower prevalence of the virus in the region.
As the agricultural community monitors these developments, it is essential to remain vigilant in implementing biosecurity measures and respond quickly to any emerging threats. The impact of HPAI can significantly affect not just poultry numbers but also the broader agricultural economy. With the autumn season approaching, stakeholders must prioritize the health of their flocks and navigate the challenges posed by avian influenza, ensuring a stable supply chain for turkey and poultry products.