India successfully united BRICS nations on September 12, 2026, after Iran and the United Arab Emirates reached a last-minute compromise regarding language surrounding the ongoing conflicts in West Asia. This agreement enabled the 11-member alliance to adopt the New Delhi Declaration during a meeting led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
The New Delhi Declaration
During this crucial meeting, attended by leaders from eight member nations including Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping, the declaration was notably careful not to specify the numerous issues stemming from military actions by the United States and Israel against Iran. Instead, it emphasized the need for “maximum restraint” in the region. Interestingly, the declaration made no mention of the ongoing war in Ukraine, focusing more on promoting peace and cooperation worldwide.
Prime Minister Modi remarked on the transformation of BRICS, asserting that the group is “coming of age” with a unique identity that is not against any other global alliances. He highlighted the importance of consensus among member nations and alluded to criticisms of the grouping, particularly from the United States, which has labeled BRICS as “anti-Western.” Modi also proposed instituting a “troika” system akin to the G-20 to enhance continuity in discussions, alongside initiatives for global governance reform and a focus on skills development in emerging technologies.
Peacekeeping and Humanitarian Concerns
The Declaration voiced a strong commitment to protecting civilians and expressed serious concerns over attacks on civilian infrastructure and nuclear facilities in West Asia. This was partly in reference to missile strikes from the U.S. and Israel on Iran. Negotiators from India engaged in delicate diplomacy, facilitated by extensive overnight discussions among leaders, including a rare meeting between Iran’s President Masoud Pezeshkian and the Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, Khaled bin Mohamed Al Nahyan.
Furthermore, the Summit displayed a unified voice against Israeli actions in Gaza, with the BRICS nations condemning airstrikes that have resulted in significant civilian casualties, urging humanitarian aid for the region. The group reaffirmed its support for a two-state solution for Palestine, advocating for rights at the United Nations and emphasizing the importance of 1967 borders and East Jerusalem as the capital.
Criticism of Western Policies
The joint statement did not shy away from critiquing the United States, concerning its economic policies and sanctions. The BRICS coalition condemned “unilateral coercive measures” that conflict with international law and focused on boosting intra-BRICS trade while facilitating payments in national currencies. This redirect represents a clear challenge to Western hegemony in international commerce and showcases the group’s intent to bolster economic sovereignty among member nations.
Despite ongoing tensions within BRICS, particularly regarding the conflicts involving Iran and the UAE, the recent summit showcased the ability of member states to engage in extensive dialogue and reach a fragile consensus. Members undertook protracted discussions to navigate complex geopolitical landscapes and to align diverse perspectives within the group, setting a foundation for future cooperation in addressing common challenges.
Looking Ahead
As BRICS countries navigate their varied political and economic landscapes, India’s leadership role becomes increasingly significant. Prime Minister Modi plans to convene a session with BRICS Plus nations, aiming to strengthen outreach efforts and collaborative strategies with external stakeholders, including representatives from Malaysia, Uzbekistan, and Uganda. This underscores the group’s commitment to inclusivity and shared dialogue in addressing pressing global issues, paving the way for a more unified approach in foreign policy and multilateral efforts in the future.